[AirlinesMustPay]

Take a look at this excerpt from page 76 of "The Warsaw Convention Annotated" by Goldhirsch, a 1988 work.

"The Standard clause in tickets today usually states:
The carrier undertakes to use its best efforts to carry the passenger and baggage with reasonable dispatch. Times shown in the timetable or elsewhere are not guaranteed and form no part of this contract

"By including such no time clauses, carriers seek to exonerate themselves from arriving at the scheduled time. Such clauses are in in violation of Article 23 .... Courts have usually agreed that these clauses are not valid for long delays."

Goldhirsch's book is available in full on the internet and you may want to read it. He refers to a number of cases where courts have dealt with that contract of carriage